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Volume 1
Année 2010
1. Démarche centrée utilisateur pour la conception de SIAD basés sur un processus d'ECD, application dans le domaine de la santé
This article concerns the design of Decision Support Systems (DSS) based on a Knowledge Discovery from Data (KDD) process. This process aims at generating a set of software modules; it is iterative and interactive For this reason, it is essential to us to take Human-Computer Interaction principles and models into account in the development of such systems. The interactive decisional system development is currently approached according to two antagonistic approaches. For the first approach, technology is fundamental; the second is "user-centered", placing the human actors in a central position. Although the first approach is still very present in companies, the current tendency "is user-centered ". In this context, we propose an approach which aims at integrating the stages of KDD process in a development model enriched under the human-computer interaction point of view, which is the U-model. Our application context is the fight against the nosocomial infections in the healthcare domain.
2. Premiers retours d'expérience sur l'utilisabilité et les usages de systèmes interactifs plastiques
The Plasticity property has been introduced in 1999 in France to cope with the new variability of the context of use in ambient intelligence. A User Interface (UI) is said to be plastic if it is able to adapt to its context of use while preserving human-centered properties. Ten years later, theoretical as well as practical advances have been made. However, several questions related to usability and acceptability of plastic UIs need to be answered through evaluation with users. This paper presents a state of the art in plasticity and evaluation (methods and concerns). It describes three demonstrators and presents first results from evaluations led in laboratory and in the wild.
3. Vérification et validation formelles de systèmes interactifs fondées sur la preuve : application aux systèmes Multi-Modaux
This paper focuses on the formal validation and verification of multi-modal human computer interfaces. It describes part of the obtained results of the French RNRT VERBATIM project whose purpose is the Multimodal Interfaces BIformal Verification and Test Automation. This project focuses on the application of a formal technique, namely the event B method. This approach is based on a proof technique and therefore it does not suffer from the state number explosion problem occurring in classical model checking. We outline the capability of this technique to support the design of multi-modal human computer interfaces, in particular, the capability to support the expression and the verification of properties issued from the CARE family. The proposed approach uses notations and semi-formal techniques issued from the HCI design area. We apply our approach on a case study called "CLIPS Yellow Pages".
4. Using K-MADe for learning task modeling: interests and difficulties
Teaching user-centred software design covers many aspects. One of the most important ones is task modeling. Since task modeling contributes largely to the ergonomic quality and acceptance of the resulting software, it is essential for task modeling concepts to be well understood by future software designers. To this end, this study aims at evaluating a task model (K-MAD) and its associated tool (K-MADe) as regards the task modeling training. This article describes the rationale of the study, the model and the software tool used, the teaching steps, and the experience feedback on the practical use of the software. The latter identifies the benefits and disadvantages of this practical use from the teaching point of view, but also from a practical standpoint, including in terms of evolution of the models obtained and of their edition.
5. Evaluation des systèmes mobiles et ubiquitaires: proposition de méthodologie et retours d'expérience
The evaluation of mobile and/or ubiquitous interactive systems via user testing seems a priori more relevant in the field than in a usability laboratory. However, the results of the literature are contradictory. In this article, we aim at explaining the reasons why, and we propose a methodology that could minimize biases. The experiments described in the literature and our own experiments lead us to define the interactive environment concept and three possible experimental approaches: laboratory, field and reality testing. Then, we propose a methodology and a technique -the Trojan horse- adapted to the evaluation in reality testing. At last, we illustrate the theoretical approach by three experiments and give experience feedbacks on them. We conclude on the limits of our approach.